图书简介

1 What is magnetism?; 1.1 The discovery of magnetism; 1.2 The Earth as a magnet; 1.3 The origin of magnetic fields; 1.4 Electrical currents and magnetic fields; 1.5 Magnetism at atomic level: the Bohr model of the atom; 1.6 Spectral analysis and the Zeeman effect; 1.7 Electromagnetism; 1.8 Particle radiation; 2 How the geomagnetic field is measured; 2.1 Measurement of magnetic field direction; 2.2 Measurement of magnetic field intensity; 2.3 Measurement of magnetic field intensity; 2.4 Scalar magnetometers; 2.5 Magnetic gradiometers; 2.6 Terrestrial magnetic surveying; 2.7 Magnetic observatories; 2.8 Satellite mapping of the global magnetic field; 2.9 The geomagnetic field at the Earth’s surface; 3 Sources of the Earth’s magnetic field; 3.1 The Earth’s internal structure; 3.2 Pressure and temperature in the Earth; 3.3 Dipole and multipole fields; 3.4 Internal and external sources of the magnetic field; 3.5 Spherical harmonic analysis of the internal field; 3.6 The international geomagnetic reference field; 3.7 Spatial power spectrum of the internal field; 3.8 The lithospheric magnetic field; 4 The geomagnetic dynamo; 4.1 The concept of a self-sustaining dynamo; 4.2 Heat transport in the core; 4.3 The Coriolis force due to the Earth’s rotation; 4.4 Magnetohydrodynamics and the frozen-flux concept; 4.5 The dynamo model for the origin of the internal magnetic field; 4.6 The magnetic influence of the inner core; 4.7 The magnetic field at the core-mantle boundary; 4.8 Archeomagnetic secular variation of paleointensity; 4.9 The geomagnetic field in the early Earth; 5 The magnetism of the Earth’s Crust; 5.1 Physical properties of the crust and mantle; 5.2 Crystal rock types; 5.3 Types of magnetism in minerals; 5.4 Antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic minerals; 5.5 Induced and remanent magnetizations; 5.6 The thickness of the magnetized crustal layer; 5.7 How a magnetic anomaly originates; 5.8 Continental magnetic anomalies; 5.9 The magnetization of the oceanic crust; 5.10 The age of the ocean floor; 6 The ancient geomagnetic field; 6.1 The natural remanent magnetizations of rocks; 6.2 The geocentric axial dipole hypothesis; 6.3 Methods of paleomagnetism; 6.4 Apparent polar wander and continental reconstructions; 6.5 Geomagnetic polarity reversals; 6.6 Magnetic polarity stratigraphy; 6.7 Geomagnetic polarity in the Early Mesozoic and Paleozoic; 6.8 The geomagnetic field in the Precambrian; 7 The effects of solar activity on the geomagnetic field; 7.1 The internal structure of the Sun; 7.2 Energy transfer in the Sun; 7.3 Sunspots and the solar cycle; 7.4 The Sun’s magnetic field; 7.5 The solar wind; 7.6 The interplanetary magnetic field; 7.7 Coronal mass ejections and solar flares; 8 The magnetosphere and ionosphere; 8.1 The magnetosphere; 8.2 The Van Allen radiation belts; 8.3 The ionosphere; 8.4 Electromagnetic induction in the crust and mantle; 8.5 Magnetic storms and substorms; 8.6 Space weather

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