Chapter 1. Gerontology: The Study of Aging; 1.1 What is Gerontology?; I.Population Aging; II.Consequences of Population Aging; 1.2 Careers in Gerontology; 1.3 Common Theories of Aging; I. Biopsychosocial Theories; II. Additional Perspectives on Aging; 1.4 What is Ageism?; 1.5 Types of Ageism; I. Middle-ageism; II. Neuroageism; III. Benevolent Ageism; IV. Individual and Institutional Ageism; 1.6 How Culture Influences the Perception of Aging; I. Media and Literature; II. Interplay of Complex Factors; 1.7 Consequences of Ageism; I.Effect on Physical and Mental Health; II.Effect on Health Care; III. Othering; IV. Microaggressions; V. Effect on Social Policy; 1.8 A More Positive View of Aging; I. Successful Aging; II. Optimal Aging; III. Avoiding Ageist Language; Chapter 2. Biology of Aging; 2.1 Defining Age; I. Subjective Age; II. Intersectional Factors that Affect Aging; 2.2 Age and Human Development; 2.3 Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Biological Aging; 2.4 Theories of Biological Aging; I. Genetic (Programmed) Theory; II. Wear-and-Tear and Mitochondrial Theories; 2.5 Age-Related Changes by Body System; I. Skin and Hair; II. Senses: Hearing and Vision; III. Musculoskeletal System; IV. Immune System; V. Endocrine System; VI. Central Nervous System: The Brain; Dementia; Treatment for Dementia; 2.6 Promoting Health and Longevity; I. Health Disparities and Older Adults; II. Promoting Health and Well-Being; Nutrition; Physical Activity; Behavioral and Environmental Accommodations; Chapter 3. Psychology of Aging; 3.1 Theories of Psychological Age; I. Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages of Development; II. Peck’s Theory of Ego Integrity; III. Intersectional and Cultural Factors; IV. Intersection of Age and Gender; V. Intersections of Other Characteristics; 3.2 Personality and Emotion; I. Personality and Aging; II. Emotion and Aging; 3.3 Learning; I. Cognitive Plasticity; II. Preserving Healthy Brain Function; III. Overcoming Barriers to Learning; 3.4 Mental Health; I. Depression; II. Anxiety; III. Substance Use Disorders; IV. Suicide; V. Screening and Diagnosis; VI. Treatment; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Narrative and Reminiscence Therapies; Medications; 3.5 Resiliency, Creativity, Productivity, and Wisdom; I. Resiliency; II. Creativity; III. Productivity; IV. Wisdom; 3.6 Spirituality; Chapter 4. Sociology of Aging; 4.1 Social Theories of Aging; I. Disengagement Theory; II. Activity Theory; III. Continuity Theory; IV. Life Course Model of Social Functioning; V. Social Convoy Model; 4.2 Social Connectedness; I. Physical and Mental Health Benefits; II. Social Connectedness Across Cultures; 4.3 Social Connection via Friendships; I. Evolving Social Networks; II. Benefits of Friendship; III. Friendships Among LGBT Older Adults; IV. Female vs. Male Friend Groups; V. Intergenerational Friendships; 4.4 Social Connection via Sexuality and Intimacy; I. Beliefs About Sexuality; II. Decreased Sexual Activity; III. Differences Between Population Groups; IV. Risk of Sexually Transmitted Disease; V. Influence of Technology; Chapter 5. Death and End-of-Life Issues; 5.1 What is Death?; I. Defining Physical Death; II. Physical Process of Dying; III. Perceptions of Death; 5.2 End-of-Life Rights and Choices; I. Right to Die; II. Death with Dignity Legislation; III. Hospice Care; IV. Disparities at End of Life; 5.3 Preparing for End of Life; 5.4 Experiencing Grief and Loss; I. Types of Grief; II. Theories and Models of Grief; Kubler-Ross Theory; Other Models of Grief; III. Awareness of Death; 5.5 Memorializing and Taking Care of the Dead; I. Disposition of Bodies; Green Burials; Organ, Tissue, and Body Donation; II. Memorialization After Death; III. Impact of COVID Pandemic on Funeral Practices; Chapter 6. Family and Caregiving; 6.1 Defining Family; 6.2 Theories of Family and Aging; I. Family Development Theory; II. Theory of Intergenerational Solidarity and Conflict; III. Theory of Intergenerational Ambivalence; 6.3 Familial Roles and Relationships; I. Marriage and Long-Term Partnerships; II. Defining a Good Marriage; III. Divorce; III. Parents and Adult Children; Adult Children with Challenges; Effects of Increased Longevity; IV. Sibling Relationships; V. Blended Families; Negotiation of Boundary Ambiguity; Intergenerational Resource Exchange; Filial Norms and Expectations; VI. Multigenerational Families and Households; Demographics; Benefits and Drawbacks of Multigenerational Living ; VII. Grandparents and Grandchildren; Role of Grandparents; Caring for Grandchildren; VIII. Companion Animals; 6.4 Caring for Older Adults; I. Adults with Dementia; II. Informal Care; Rewards and Challenges; Support for Caregivers; III. Formal Care; IV. Impact on Caregivers; V. Person- and Family-Centered Care; 6.5 Elder Abuse; I. Factors That Contribute to Elder Abuse; Caregiving Situations; Intergenerational Ambivalence; II. Families with a History of Violence; III. Prevention and Intervention Strategies; Chapter 7. Work and Retirement; 7.1 Work and Older Adults; I. The Nature of Work; II. U.S. Labor Trends; III. Generational Perspective; IV. Ageism in the Workplace; Intergenerational Work Teams; Abolishing Mandatory Retirement; Antidiscrimination Laws; V. Caregiving and Work; 7.2 Retirement; I. Sense of Purpose and Longevity; II. Effects of Retirement; III. Phases of Retirement; 7.3 Financial Support in Retirement; 7.4 Volunteerism and Community Involvement; 7.5 Lifelong Learning; Chapter 8. Living Arrangements; 8.1 Housing and Care Options for Older Adults; I. Types of Residential Facilities and Communities; II. Older Adults with Special Needs; 8.2 Aging in Place; I. The Importance of Place; II. Research on Aging in Place; III. Changing Needs Over Time; 8.3 Theories and Approaches to Place and Aging; I. Environmental Gerontology; II. Geographical Gerontology; 8.4 Older Adults in Urban and Rural Environments; 8.5 The Importance of Neighborhoods; I. Gentrification; II. Urban Neighborhoods: Challenges, Resources, and Resilience; Detroit; Minneapolis; 8.6 Housing Options for Older Adults; I. Historical Background; II. The Housing Continuum; III. Innovative Solutions; Age-Friendly Communities; Villages; LGBT 65 Housing Initiatives; Home Sharing; Communal Living; Intergenerational Programming and Communities; IV. Housing for Low-Income Seniors; V. Continuing Care Retirement Communities; VI. Assisted Living Facilities; VII. Supportive Housing; VIII. Nursing Homes; IX COVID-19 and Long-Term Care Facilities; 8.7 Living Arrangements of Vulnerable Populations; I. Older Adults in Prison; II. Older Victims of Domestic Abuse; III. Older Adults Without Housing; Chapter 9. Community Resources and Connectedness; 9.1 The Importance of Connection; I. Defining Community; II. Community Resources; III. Self-Determination and Social Usefulness; IV. Social Connection and Social Isolation; 9.2 Religious and Spiritual Communities; I. Spiritual Practices; II. Benefits of Religious and Spiritual Involvement; 9.3 Recreation and Community Involvement; I. Sports and Fitness; II. Travel; III. The Arts; IV. Volunteer Work; V. Socializing in Third Places; 9.4 Health Care Services; I. Access to Health Care; II. Primary Care; III. Geriatricians; IV. Age-Friendly Health Care; V. Treatment Programs; 9.5 Social Services for Older Adults and Their Families; I. Prevention Services; II. Adult Day Care; III. In-Home Personal Care; IV. Protective Services; V. Support Services; VI. Resource Brokerage and Linkage; Chapter 10. Media and Technology; 10.1 Media and Older Adults; I. News Media; II. Educational and Entertainment Media; III. Ageism in the Media; IV. Social Media; 10.2 Technology Use by Older Adults; I. Access to Technology; II. Combating Stereotypes; III. Technology Use for Lifelong Learning; IV. Technology Use for Social Connection and Entertainment; V. Technology Use to Improve Health; VI. Digital Literacy; VII. Online Safety; 10.3 Technology and End of Life; Chapter 11. Global Trends in Aging; 11.1 Global Aging; I. United Nations Initiatives Related to Aging; II. Population Aging; III. Living Arrangements; IV. Life Expectancy and Health; V. Work and Retirement; VI. Ageism Worldwide; 11.2 Culture and Aging; I. Cross-National Comparisons; II. Cross-Cultural Comparisons; III. Cultural Influences on Aging; 11.3 Aging in the United States in Global Context; I. U.S. Life Expectancy; II. Foreign-Born Population; 11.4 Immigration, Migration, and Aging; I. Who Migrates and Why?; II. Older Adults in Home Countries; III. Older Immigrants in Destination Countries; Early vs. Late-Life Immigrants; Older Refugees Fleeing War and Terror; Legal Status and Threat of Deportation; 11.5 Aging and Climate Change; I. Climate Change and Migration; II. Health Impacts of Climate Change; III. Climate Change and Natural Disasters; Chapter 12. Legal, Policy, and Economic Issues That Affect Older U.S. Adults; 12.1 Social Policies and Legislation; I. Social Policy and Aging Policy; II. History of U.S. Aging Policies; III. Social Security; Beneficiaries; Retirement Age; Sustainability; IV. Medicare; V. Medicaid; VI. Affordable Care Act; VII. Older Americans Act; VIII. Long-Term Care Services and Supports; Cost of Long-Term Care; Quality of Long-Term Care; IX. Elder Justice Act; X. Americans with Disabilities Act; XI. Assistance for Low-Income Older Adults; 12.2 Poverty, Inequality, and Cumulative Disadvantage; I. Poverty Measurement; II. Who is Poor?; Variance Between Population Groups; Cumulative Advantage/Disadvantage; III. Poverty and Cumulative Disadvantage; 12.3 Political Participation and Advocacy; I. Voting Patterns of Older Adults; II. Intersection of Politics and Policy; III. Advocacy Organizations; AARP; Gray Panthers; Leadership Council of Aging Organizations; Other Organizations $ JKSG $ Care of the elderly

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