图书简介

Contents; Preface; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Two Aquatic Puzzles; 1.2 Models of Modeling; 2 Three Kinds of Models; 2.1 Concrete Model: The San Francisco Bay-Delta Model; 2.2 Mathematical Model: Lotka-Volterra Model; 2.3 Computational Model: Schelling’s Segregation Model; 2.4 Common Features of these Models; 2.5 Only Three Types of Models?; 2.6 Fewer Than Three Types of Model?; 3 The Anatomy of Models: Structure & Construal; 3.1 Structure; 3.1.1 Concrete Structures; 3.1.2 Mathematical; 3.1.3 Computational; 3.2 Model Descriptions; 3.3 Construal; 3.4 Representational Capacity of Structures; 4 Fictions and Folk Ontology; 4.1 Against Maths: Individuation, Causes, and Face Value Practice; 4.2 A Simple Fictions Account; 4.3 Enriching the Simple Account; 4.3.1 Waltonian Fictionalism; 4.3.2 Fictions without Models; 4.4 Why I am not a Fictionalist; 4.4.1 Variation; 4.4.2 Representational Capacity of Different Models; 4.4.3 Making Sense of Modeling; 4.4.4 Variation in Practice; 4.5 Folk ontology; 4.6 Maths, Interpretation, and Folk Ontology; 5 Target Directed Modeling; 5.1 Model Development; 5.2 Analysis of the Model; 5.2.1 Complete Analysis; 5.2.2 Goal-directed Analysis; 5.3 Model/Target Comparison; 5.3.1 Phenomena and Target Systems; 5.3.2 Establishing the fit between Model and Target; 5.3.3 Representations of Targets; 6 Idealization; 6.1 Three Kinds of Idealization; 6.1.1 Galilean idealization; 6.1.2 Minimalist idealization; 6.1.3 Multiple Models Idealization; 6.2 Representational Ideals and Fidelity Criteria; 6.2.1 Completeness; 6.2.2 Simplicity; 6.2.3 1-Causal; 6.2.4 Maxout; 6.2.5 P-General; 6.3 Idealization and Representational Ideals; 6.4 Idealization and Target Directed Modeling; 7 Modeling Without a Specific Target; 7.1 Generalized Modeling; 7.1.1 How Possibly Explanations; 7.1.2 Minimal Models and First Order Causal Structures; 7.2 Hypothetical Modeling; 7.2.1 Contingent Non-existence: xDNA; 7.2.2 Impossible Targets: Infinite Population Growth and Perpetual Motion; 7.3 Targetless Modeling; 7.4 A Moving Target: The Case of Three-sex Biology; 8 An Account of Similarity; 8.1 Desiderata for Model/World Relations; 8.2 Model Theoretic Accounts; 8.3 Similarity; 8.4 Tversky’s Contrast Account; 8.5 Attributes and Mechanisms; 8.6 Feature Sets, Construals, and Target Systems; 8.7 Modeling Goals and Weighting Parameters; 8.8 Weighting Function and Background Theory; 8.9 Satisfying the Desiderata; 9 Robustness Analysis and Idealization; 9.1 Levins and Wimsatt on Robustness; 9.2 Robust Theorems; 9.3 Three Kinds of Robustness; 9.3.1 Parameter Robustness; 9.3.2 Structural Robustness; 9.3.3 Representational Robustness; 9.4 Robustness and Confirmation; 10 Conclusion: The Practice of Modeling; References

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